Explore · Fox River

St. Charles Pool Historical River Analysis

Up to fifteen completed years of seasonal observations, current-year context, and the historical baselines used by the St. Charles Pool water model.

About the St. Charles Pool

The St. Charles Pool is the roughly seven-and-a-half-mile reach of the Fox River between the South Elgin Dam and the St. Charles Dam. Through this section, the river changes character several times: from the developed riverfront of South Elgin, through forest preserves, islands and relatively natural shoreline, then into the increasingly developed river corridor of northern St. Charles.

The pool is used heavily for recreation. Fishing, paddling, recreational boating, cycling, walking and wildlife viewing all share the corridor. The Fox River Trail follows the river through much of the reach, while the Fabulous Fox! Water Trail provides a connected paddling route and designated access sites. The water trail was added to the National Water Trails System in 2023.

Long-Term River Context

Historical measurements show the river's normal seasonal movement, the range of conditions observed in individual years, and how the current year compares with the model's fifteen-year reference period.

These charts use the same monitoring network and seasonal baselines as the water model. They are a long-term analytical reference, not a live conditions dashboard.

Monitoring Stations
16
36 historical measurement series
Historical Coverage
Up to 15 years
2011–2025 completed-year reference
Snapshot Generated
Sep 7, 2026 3:01 PM CDT
Current-year data through Sep 7, 2026
Reference Period
2011–2025
Completed calendar years
Need Current River Measurements? View current readings, recent changes, seven-day trends, and feed freshness.
View Current Observations

Historical Reference

Seasonal Patterns by Monitoring Station

These charts compare available annual observations with the model's seasonal median and P25–P75 reference band.

Fox River at Johnsburg

USGS 05548500  •  Upstream Fox River mainstem stage context
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
7.76.24.73.21.7JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Fox River near McHenry

USGS 05549500  •  Upstream water quality and turbidity proxy
Upstream Fox River water-quality station. It supplies turbidity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and other water-quality context. These are upstream proxies rather than direct measurements inside the St. Charles Pool.

Water Temperature · 15-Year Reference Window

Water temperature affects metabolism, dissolved oxygen, fish location and seasonal behavior.

USGS parameter 00010
89.775.360.946.432.0JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
6.14.63.11.60.1JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Specific Conductance · 15-Year Reference Window

Specific conductance reflects dissolved ions in the water and can change with runoff, groundwater influence and seasonal chemistry.

USGS parameter 00095
1,164978792606419JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Dissolved Oxygen · 15-Year Reference Window

Dissolved oxygen indicates how much oxygen is available in the water for fish and other aquatic life.

USGS parameter 00300
17.713.38.94.50.1JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

pH · 15-Year Reference Window

pH describes how acidic or alkaline the water is and provides additional water-quality context.

USGS parameter 00400
8.98.58.17.67.2JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Chlorophyll Fluorescence · 15-Year Reference Window

Chlorophyll fluorescence is a proxy for algal abundance and can help characterize biological productivity.

USGS parameter 32316
170.1126.282.438.5-5.3JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Phycocyanin Fluorescence · 15-Year Reference Window

Phycocyanin fluorescence is a proxy for cyanobacteria and provides additional biological water-quality context.

USGS parameter 32319
13.810.16.52.9-0.7JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Turbidity · 15-Year Reference Window

Turbidity indicates suspended material in the water and serves as a useful visibility and runoff proxy.

USGS parameter 63680
50.037.525.012.50.0JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
For readability, turbidity measurements above 50 FNU are plotted at 50 FNU. This visual cap does not alter archived observations or model calculations. Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Fox River Tailwater near McHenry

USGS 05549501  •  McHenry tailwater stage and dam-operation context
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
8.06.03.91.8-0.3JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Fox River at Algonquin

USGS 05550000  •  Algonquin mainstem stage above the dam
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
4.53.32.10.9-0.3JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Fox River Tailwater at Algonquin

USGS 05550001  •  Primary upstream Fox mainstem flow and water quality
Upstream Fox River mainstem gauge near Algonquin. It helps distinguish basin-wide mainstem conditions from runoff generated farther downstream.

Water Temperature · 15-Year Reference Window

Water temperature affects metabolism, dissolved oxygen, fish location and seasonal behavior.

USGS parameter 00010
87.074.762.550.338.0JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Discharge · 15-Year Reference Window

Discharge is the volume of water moving past the gauge and is the primary measure of river flow.

USGS parameter 00060
8,0435,9443,8451,746-353JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
13.510.98.35.83.2JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Specific Conductance · 15-Year Reference Window

Specific conductance reflects dissolved ions in the water and can change with runoff, groundwater influence and seasonal chemistry.

USGS parameter 00095
1,085920754588422JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Dissolved Oxygen · 15-Year Reference Window

Dissolved oxygen indicates how much oxygen is available in the water for fish and other aquatic life.

USGS parameter 00300
13.711.38.86.43.9JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

pH · 15-Year Reference Window

pH describes how acidic or alkaline the water is and provides additional water-quality context.

USGS parameter 00400
8.88.58.27.87.5JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Tyler Creek at Elgin

USGS 05550300  •  Tributary runoff and precipitation context near Elgin
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

Precipitation · 15-Year Reference Window

Local precipitation helps explain runoff pulses entering the pool through nearby tributaries.

USGS parameter 00045
4.43.22.10.9-0.2JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date
Historical points are daily precipitation totals. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Discharge · 15-Year Reference Window

Discharge is the volume of water moving past the gauge and is the primary measure of river flow.

USGS parameter 00060
1,321973624275-73JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
9.28.27.16.05.0JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Poplar Creek at Elgin

USGS 05550500  •  Local tributary runoff entering below Elgin
Poplar Creek gauge in Elgin. It measures a local tributary entering the Fox below the Algonquin gauge and helps identify recent local runoff.

Discharge · 15-Year Reference Window

Discharge is the volume of water moving past the gauge and is the primary measure of river flow.

USGS parameter 00060
1,098808518228-62JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
6.55.03.62.10.6JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Fox River at South Elgin

USGS 05551000  •  Primary integrated mainstem discharge and stage
South Elgin mainstem gauge. This is the primary flow and stage reference for the St. Charles Pool because it measures water entering the pool from the north.

Discharge · 15-Year Reference Window

Discharge is the volume of water moving past the gauge and is the primary measure of river flow.

USGS parameter 00060
9,8177,2724,7272,182-363JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
15.014.213.412.611.7JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Fox River at South Elgin Tailwater

USGS 05551001  •  Tailwater stage and dam-operation signal
South Elgin tailwater stage gauge. It provides additional hydraulic context immediately below the South Elgin dam.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
10.49.17.86.65.3JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Ferson Creek near St. Charles

USGS 05551200  •  Local tributary runoff and precipitation near St. Charles
Ferson Creek gauge near St. Charles. It provides local tributary flow and precipitation evidence near the lower portion of the pool.

Precipitation · 15-Year Reference Window

Local precipitation helps explain runoff pulses entering the pool through nearby tributaries.

USGS parameter 00045
3.32.41.60.7-0.2JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date
Historical points are daily precipitation totals. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Discharge · 15-Year Reference Window

Discharge is the volume of water moving past the gauge and is the primary measure of river flow.

USGS parameter 00060
1,4551,071687303-81JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
6.95.43.82.30.8JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Mill Creek near Batavia

USGS 05551330  •  Tributary runoff and precipitation near Batavia
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

Precipitation · 15-Year Reference Window

Local precipitation helps explain runoff pulses entering the pool through nearby tributaries.

USGS parameter 00045
4.03.01.90.8-0.2JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date
Historical points are daily precipitation totals. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Discharge · 15-Year Reference Window

Discharge is the volume of water moving past the gauge and is the primary measure of river flow.

USGS parameter 00060
804591379167-45JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
7.45.94.42.91.5JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Fox River at Montgomery

USGS 05551540  •  Downstream Fox mainstem discharge and stage
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

Discharge · 15-Year Reference Window

Discharge is the volume of water moving past the gauge and is the primary measure of river flow.

USGS parameter 00060
14,60810,7856,9633,140-683JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
15.013.812.711.610.5JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Blackberry Creek near Montgomery

USGS 05551675  •  Tributary runoff and precipitation near Montgomery
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

Precipitation · 15-Year Reference Window

Local precipitation helps explain runoff pulses entering the pool through nearby tributaries.

USGS parameter 00045
6.24.62.91.3-0.4JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date
Historical points are daily precipitation totals. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Discharge · 15-Year Reference Window

Discharge is the volume of water moving past the gauge and is the primary measure of river flow.

USGS parameter 00060
1,057778499220-59JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

Gage Height · 15-Year Reference Window

Gage height is the water-surface elevation at the station and helps confirm whether the river is unusually high or low.

USGS parameter 00065
9.47.86.14.52.8JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
2011–2025 annual traces 2026 to date seasonal P25-P75 band seasonal median (15-year window)
Historical points are daily averages of the archived observations. Muted lines show available observations within the fifteen-year reference window; newer or seasonal sensors may cover fewer years. The current year is highlighted. Missing observations are not treated as zero.

National Accelerator Laboratory near West Chicago

USGS 415131088143600  •  Regional precipitation context near Batavia
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

DuPage County Airport near St. Charles

USGS 415457088150600  •  Regional precipitation context near St. Charles
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

Elgin Water Treatment Facility at Elgin

USGS 420354088170500  •  Regional precipitation context near Elgin
USGS monitoring station used as part of the St. Charles Pool evidence network.

About These Measurements

Values shown are locally archived USGS observations. USGS observations may be provisional and subsequently revised. Temperature is stored in its original Celsius value and converted to Fahrenheit for display.

Historical charts use up to the fifteen completed years immediately before the current year, with the current year highlighted separately. Continuous measurements are reduced to daily averages and precipitation to daily totals. The P25–P75 band and seasonal median come from the locally generated baseline table used by the water model.

This page is a generated snapshot. The date shown above identifies how far the current-year overlay extends. Rebuilding the seasonal baselines also regenerates this snapshot.